Chifukwa cha kukula kwa chiwerengero cha anthu komanso chitukuko cha zachuma, madzi abwino omwe alipo akuchepa tsiku ndi tsiku.Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, zida zochotsera madzi a m’nyanja zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potembenuza madzi a m’nyanja kukhala madzi abwino.Nkhaniyi ifotokoza njira, mfundo zogwirira ntchito ndi ndondomeko yoyendetsera madzi a m'nyanja.
1. Njira yothetsera madzi a m'nyanja
Pakadali pano, kuchotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja kumagwiritsa ntchito njira zitatu izi:
1. Njira ya distillation:
Potenthetsa madzi a m'nyanja kuti asandutse nthunzi yamadzi, ndiyeno kuziziritsa kupyolera mu condenser kuti asandutse madzi abwino.Distillation ndiyo njira yodziwika bwino yochotsera mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja, koma zida zake zimakhala zokwera mtengo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndikokwera.
2. Njira yosinthira osmosis:
Madzi a m'nyanja amasefedwa kudzera mu nembanemba yomwe ingathe kulowa mkati (reverse osmosis membrane).Nembanembayo ili ndi pore yaying'ono ndipo mamolekyu amadzi okha amatha kudutsa, kotero kuti madzi atsopano amatha kupatukana.Njirayi imakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu komanso njira yosavuta, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochotsa madzi a m'nyanja.Toption Machinery Seawater Desalination Equipments amagwiritsidwanso ntchito motere.
3. Electrodialysis:
Gwiritsani ntchito mawonekedwe a ma ion oyendetsedwa kuti musunthe mugawo lamagetsi kuti musiyanitse.Ma ion amadutsa mu membrane yosinthira ma ion kuti apange mbali zonse ziwiri za yankho la dilute ndi yankho lokhazikika.Ma ion, ma protoni ndi ma electron mu njira yochepetsera amasiyanitsidwa mwamphamvu kuti apange ma ion atsopano kuti asinthe., kuti azindikire kulekanitsidwa kwa madzi abwino, koma mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ndipamwamba, ndipo pali ntchito zochepa pakalipano.
2.Ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zochotsera madzi a m'nyanja
Kutengera reverse osmosis mwachitsanzo, kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zida zochotsera mchere m'madzi am'nyanja ndi motere:
1.Kukonzekera kwamadzi a m'nyanja: kuchepetsa tinthu tating'ono, zonyansa ndi zinthu zina m'madzi a m'nyanja pogwiritsa ntchito sedimentation ndi kusefera.
2.Sinthani ubwino wa madzi: sinthani pH mtengo, kuuma, salinity, etc. madzi kuti akhale oyenera reverse osmosis.
3.Reverse osmosis: Sefa madzi a m'nyanja okonzedweratu ndi osinthidwa kupyolera mu nembanemba ya osmosis kuti mulekanitse madzi atsopano.
4.Kutaya madzi onyansa: madzi abwino ndi madzi otayira amalekanitsidwa, ndipo madzi owonongeka amatsukidwa ndikutulutsidwa.
3.Process flow flow chart of seawater desalination equipment
Ndondomeko yoyendetsera zida zochotsera madzi a m'nyanjayi ndi motere:
Kukonzekera madzi a m'nyanja → malamulo a khalidwe la madzi → reverse osmosis → kutaya madzi oipa
Mwachidule, kuchotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja ndi njira yofunikira yothetsera vuto la kusowa kwa madzi abwino, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kukuchulukirachulukira.Njira zosiyanasiyana zochotsera mchere zimafunikira matekinoloje ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, koma mfundo zoyambira zogwirira ntchito ndizofanana.M’tsogolomu, zipangizo zochotsera mchere m’madzi a m’nyanja zidzasinthidwanso ndi kutsogozedwa ndi luso lazopangapanga ndi zipangizo kuti anthu apeze njira zodalirika komanso zogwira mtima.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-24-2023